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{"id":10755,"date":"2015-10-27T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2015-10-27T02:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.blbbrasil.com.br\/blog\/transfer-price\/"},"modified":"2019-03-29T17:15:44","modified_gmt":"2019-03-29T20:15:44","slug":"transfer-price","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dev.blbescoladenegocios.com.br\/blog\/transfer-price\/","title":{"rendered":"Transfer Price: conceitos e m\u00e9todos de c\u00e1lculo"},"content":{"rendered":"

Nos \u00faltimos anos, em decorr\u00eancia da globaliza\u00e7\u00e3o e do estreitamento de rela\u00e7\u00e3o entre diversos pa\u00edses, tornou-se muito comum a atua\u00e7\u00e3o de grandes corpora\u00e7\u00f5es em v\u00e1rios pa\u00edses e at\u00e9 mesmo em continentes distintos. Tal fen\u00f4meno levou ao surgimento de in\u00fameros conceitos outrora inexistentes. Dentre os quais, destaca-se o tema objeto deste artigo, o denominado Transfer Price<\/strong> ou, simplesmente, Pre\u00e7o de Transfer\u00eancia<\/strong>.<\/p>\n

\u00c9 sabido que a grande maioria dos pa\u00edses cobra imposto<\/a><\/strong> sobre a renda. Todavia, cada pa\u00eds tem suas pr\u00f3prias regras em termos de apura\u00e7\u00e3o e, principalmente, carga tribut\u00e1ria. Dessa forma, opera\u00e7\u00f5es que possam influenciar na apura\u00e7\u00e3o do tributo tendem a chamar a aten\u00e7\u00e3o dos entes tributantes. Independentemente do pa\u00eds em que ocorrerem.<\/p>\n

Nessa linha, t\u00eam-se as opera\u00e7\u00f5es de importa\u00e7\u00e3o e exporta\u00e7\u00e3o entre empresas vinculadas. Uma vez que, em fun\u00e7\u00e3o dos interesses em comum dos envolvidos, podem ser realizadas a pre\u00e7os substancialmente diversos daqueles que seriam praticados em opera\u00e7\u00f5es normais, com empresas n\u00e3o relacionadas. Tais diverg\u00eancias poderiam surgir \u00fanica e exclusivamente com o objetivo de se praticar a chamada evas\u00e3o de divisas. Remetendo, assim, rendas auferidas de determinado pa\u00eds para outro. Em virtude de o segundo submeter a renda a uma carga tribut\u00e1ria<\/a> <\/strong>inferior em rela\u00e7\u00e3o ao primeiro. Nesse cen\u00e1rio, o Transfer Price<\/strong> aparece como um limitador aos pre\u00e7os praticados nessas opera\u00e7\u00f5es, que possui\u00a0o intuito de evitar a diminui\u00e7\u00e3o indevida da renda tribut\u00e1vel.<\/p>\n

Conceito de Transfer Price<\/h2>\n

No Brasil, o conceito foi incorporado ao ambiente jur\u00eddico-tribut\u00e1rio por meio da Lei n\u00ba 9.430, de 27 de dezembro de 1996. Al\u00e9m de definir o conceito de pessoa vinculada para fins de aplica\u00e7\u00e3o das normas<\/a> <\/strong>por ela implementadas, a lei procurou estabelecer crit\u00e9rios de c\u00e1lculos do Pre\u00e7o de Transfer\u00eancia. Tanto nas importa\u00e7\u00f5es quanto nas exporta\u00e7\u00f5es, para fins de dedutibilidade ou reconhecimento de receita, respectivamente.<\/p>\n

Nos artigos 18 e 18-A, foram definidas regras para o c\u00e1lculo do valor admitido como custo dedut\u00edvel na apura\u00e7\u00e3o do Lucro Real<\/a><\/strong>, nas opera\u00e7\u00f5es de importa\u00e7\u00e3o de bens e servi\u00e7os realizadas entre pessoas vinculadas.<\/p>\n

M\u00e9todo dos Pre\u00e7os<\/h2>\n

Ficou delegada ao contribuinte a possibilidade de escolher entre quatro formas de c\u00e1lculo, quais sejam:<\/p>\n