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{"id":22784,"date":"2024-01-18T00:58:09","date_gmt":"2024-01-18T03:58:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dev.blbescoladenegocios.com.br\/blog\/?p=22784"},"modified":"2024-01-22T09:42:05","modified_gmt":"2024-01-22T12:42:05","slug":"o-cenario-atual-do-itbi-imposto-sobre-transmissao-de-bens-imoveis","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dev.blbescoladenegocios.com.br\/blog\/o-cenario-atual-do-itbi-imposto-sobre-transmissao-de-bens-imoveis\/","title":{"rendered":"O cen\u00e1rio atual do ITBI (Imposto sobre Transmiss\u00e3o de Bens Im\u00f3veis)"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

N\u00e3o \u00e9 de hoje que quest\u00f5es relacionadas ao ITBI (Imposto de Transmiss\u00e3o sobre Bens Im\u00f3veis) v\u00eam ocupando os Trending Topics<\/em> de discuss\u00f5es envolvendo os planejamentos patrimoniais e sucess\u00f3rios, seja por meio das holdings<\/em> patrimoniais, seja na constitui\u00e7\u00e3o de sociedades empres\u00e1rias, bem como em uma simples transfer\u00eancia onerosa de bem im\u00f3vel. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Isso se deve n\u00e3o apenas \u00e0s recentes decis\u00f5es proferidas pelo Supremo Tribunal Federal (STF) e pelo Superior Tribunal de Justi\u00e7a (STJ) envolvendo o referido imposto, as quais analisaremos a seguir, mas, principalmente, \u00e0 evidente confus\u00e3o gerada devido \u00e0s interpreta\u00e7\u00f5es feitas pelos munic\u00edpios e pelos Tribunais de Justi\u00e7a de cada estado.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

ITBI e seus contornos<\/strong> <\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Sabemos que o ITBI \u00e9 determinado pela Constitui\u00e7\u00e3o Federal (CF) como de compet\u00eancia dos munic\u00edpios, cabendo a esses instituir o imposto sobre a \u201ctransmiss\u00e3o `inter vivos`, a qualquer t\u00edtulo, por ato oneroso, de bens im\u00f3veis, por natureza ou acess\u00e3o f\u00edsica, e de direitos reais sobre im\u00f3veis, exceto os de garantia, bem como cess\u00e3o de direitos a sua aquisi\u00e7\u00e3o\u201d (art. 156, II, CF\/88). Nesse sentido, compete aos entes federativos municipais determinar a institui\u00e7\u00e3o de tal imposto, indicando a base de c\u00e1lculo e a al\u00edquota consequentes.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Contudo, a pr\u00f3pria Constitui\u00e7\u00e3o imuniza da incid\u00eancia do ITBI as opera\u00e7\u00f5es de integraliza\u00e7\u00e3o de bens im\u00f3veis em sociedades, desde que observados alguns par\u00e2metros, pelo menos at\u00e9 recentemente. O \u00a7 2\u00ba do art. 156 diz que: <\/p>\n\n\n\n

n\u00e3o incide<\/em><\/strong> sobre a transmiss\u00e3o de bens ou direitos <\/em>incorporados ao patrim\u00f4nio de pessoa jur\u00eddica em realiza\u00e7\u00e3o de capital<\/em><\/strong>, nem sobre a transmiss\u00e3o de bens ou direitos decorrente de fus\u00e3o, incorpora\u00e7\u00e3o, cis\u00e3o ou extin\u00e7\u00e3o de pessoa jur\u00eddica, salvo se, <\/em>nesses casos<\/em><\/strong>, a atividade preponderante do adquirente for a compra e venda desses bens ou direitos, loca\u00e7\u00e3o de bens im\u00f3veis ou arrendamento mercantil.<\/em> <\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

A fim de analisar as decis\u00f5es dos Tribunais Superiores e os posicionamentos subsequentes tanto dos munic\u00edpios quanto dos Tribunais Estaduais, imaginemos que uma pessoa decida dar in\u00edcio ao planejamento patrimonial e sucess\u00f3rio de seus bens. Para tanto, ap\u00f3s analisar as op\u00e7\u00f5es existentes, ela opta por constituir uma holding<\/em> patrimonial, cujo objetivo principal ser\u00e1 proteger o patrim\u00f4nio e possibilitar a sucess\u00e3o em vida, levando em considera\u00e7\u00e3o que o seu patrim\u00f4nio \u00e9 predominantemente composto por bens im\u00f3veis.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Assim, em seu contrato social, ela delibera que o capital social ser\u00e1 de R$ 100.000,00 (cem mil reais), subscrevendo-o nesses limites e, ainda, opta por integraliz\u00e1-lo com o im\u00f3vel A localizado no munic\u00edpio X. Tal im\u00f3vel possui os seguintes valores a ele relacionados: <\/p>\n\n\n\n