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Erro no banco de dados do WordPress: [Unknown column 'inclusive_language_score' in 'field list']
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{"id":25158,"date":"2025-11-04T13:34:28","date_gmt":"2025-11-04T16:34:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blbescoladenegocios.com.br\/blog\/?p=25158"},"modified":"2025-11-04T13:34:29","modified_gmt":"2025-11-04T16:34:29","slug":"ifrs-s1-e-r2-fechamento-contabil-esg","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dev.blbescoladenegocios.com.br\/blog\/ifrs-s1-e-r2-fechamento-contabil-esg\/","title":{"rendered":"IFRS S1 e S2: fechamento cont\u00e1bil com foco em ESG e divulga\u00e7\u00e3o de informa\u00e7\u00f5es n\u00e3o financeiras"},"content":{"rendered":"

O cen\u00e1rio corporativo contempor\u00e2neo est\u00e1 passando por uma transforma\u00e7\u00e3o significativa. A tradicional pr\u00e1tica de encerramento cont\u00e1bil, at\u00e9 ent\u00e3o focada em informa\u00e7\u00f5es financeiras, passa a incorporar uma nova dimens\u00e3o: os aspectos ambientais, sociais e de governan\u00e7a \u2014 conhecidos como crit\u00e9rios ESG (Environmental, Social and Governance)<\/em>. Essa mudan\u00e7a \u00e9 impulsionada por press\u00f5es regulat\u00f3rias, expectativas de stakeholders<\/em> e novas normas internacionais, como as IFRS S1 e S2<\/strong>, que entram em vigor a partir de 2026.<\/p>\n

Diante desse cen\u00e1rio, este artigo visa discutir como o fechamento cont\u00e1bil<\/strong><\/a> est\u00e1 se adaptando \u00e0 necessidade de divulgar informa\u00e7\u00f5es n\u00e3o financeiras relevantes. Al\u00e9m disso, tamb\u00e9m abordaremos o papel das normas atuais e futuras na consolida\u00e7\u00e3o de um modelo mais transparente, sustent\u00e1vel e orientado para o longo prazo.<\/p>\n

A evolu\u00e7\u00e3o do fechamento cont\u00e1bil<\/h2>\n

Historicamente, o fechamento cont\u00e1bil \u00e9 o processo em que as empresas consolidam suas demonstra\u00e7\u00f5es financeiras ao final de um per\u00edodo, com o objetivo de relatar com precis\u00e3o seus resultados econ\u00f4micos. Essa atividade envolve etapas fundamentais como o reconhecimento de receitas e despesas, a constitui\u00e7\u00e3o de provis\u00f5es, ajustes de estimativas, reclassifica\u00e7\u00f5es cont\u00e1beis e, por fim, a elabora\u00e7\u00e3o das demonstra\u00e7\u00f5es financeiras que refletem a situa\u00e7\u00e3o patrimonial e financeira da entidade.<\/p>\n

Contudo, nos \u00faltimos anos, esse processo passou por uma transforma\u00e7\u00e3o significativa. Com o avan\u00e7o das demandas por responsabilidade socioambiental e a crescente relev\u00e2ncia dos fatores ESG<\/strong><\/a> (ambientais, sociais e de governan\u00e7a), o fechamento cont\u00e1bil deixou de ser apenas uma pr\u00e1tica t\u00e9cnica de apura\u00e7\u00e3o de saldos. Ele passou a exigir a integra\u00e7\u00e3o entre os dados financeiros e n\u00e3o financeiros, de forma que as demonstra\u00e7\u00f5es reflitam n\u00e3o apenas o desempenho econ\u00f4mico, mas tamb\u00e9m o impacto e a sustentabilidade das opera\u00e7\u00f5es da empresa.<\/p>\n

Nesse contexto, relat\u00f3rios baseados nas diretrizes do GRI (Global Reporting Initiative)<\/em> v\u00eam ganhando espa\u00e7o nas organiza\u00e7\u00f5es. O GRI \u00e9 um dos padr\u00f5es mais utilizados globalmente para a divulga\u00e7\u00e3o de informa\u00e7\u00f5es n\u00e3o financeiras, como emiss\u00f5es de carbono, consumo de recursos naturais, diversidade no ambiente de trabalho, pr\u00e1ticas anticorrup\u00e7\u00e3o, entre outros temas materiais. A produ\u00e7\u00e3o desses relat\u00f3rios \u2014 que muitas vezes ocorre paralelamente ou at\u00e9 integrada ao processo de fechamento cont\u00e1bil \u2014 fortalece a transpar\u00eancia e proporciona uma vis\u00e3o mais ampla e confi\u00e1vel da atua\u00e7\u00e3o da empresa.<\/p>\n

Por meio dessas pr\u00e1ticas, a contabilidade evolui para al\u00e9m da mensura\u00e7\u00e3o de ativos e passivos: ela passa a ser uma pe\u00e7a-chave no processo de conex\u00e3o entre indicadores ESG, relat\u00f3rios de sustentabilidade (como o GRI) e as demonstra\u00e7\u00f5es cont\u00e1beis. Essa mudan\u00e7a amplia a responsabilidade do profissional de contabilidade e das lideran\u00e7as financeiras, que precisam garantir que todas essas informa\u00e7\u00f5es estejam alinhadas, fundamentadas e devidamente audit\u00e1veis.<\/p>\n

A demanda por transpar\u00eancia ESG<\/h2>\n

A press\u00e3o por transpar\u00eancia em temas como mudan\u00e7as clim\u00e1ticas, diversidade e inclus\u00e3o, pr\u00e1ticas de governan\u00e7a e direitos humanos levou empresas e \u00f3rg\u00e3os reguladores a repensarem a forma como as informa\u00e7\u00f5es corporativas s\u00e3o divulgadas. A partir disso, os conceitos de relato integrado e relat\u00f3rios de sustentabilidade ganharam relev\u00e2ncia, e, gradualmente, v\u00eam sendo agregados aos fechamentos cont\u00e1beis das grandes corpora\u00e7\u00f5es.<\/p>\n

Inclusive, empresas listadas, institui\u00e7\u00f5es financeiras e grandes organiza\u00e7\u00f5es multinacionais j\u00e1 enfrentam obriga\u00e7\u00f5es de reporte ESG em v\u00e1rios pa\u00edses. A Uni\u00e3o Europeia, por exemplo, adotou a Corporate Sustainability Reporting Directive<\/em> (CSRD), que imp\u00f5e novos crit\u00e9rios para a divulga\u00e7\u00e3o de informa\u00e7\u00f5es de sustentabilidade a partir de 2024, com transi\u00e7\u00e3o plena at\u00e9 2026. O Brasil, seguindo o mesmo caminho, come\u00e7a a alinhar suas exig\u00eancias \u00e0 agenda ESG internacional, por meio de a\u00e7\u00f5es da Comiss\u00e3o de Valores Mobili\u00e1rios (CVM) e da ado\u00e7\u00e3o gradual de normas da ISSB.<\/p>\n

Normas internacionais relevantes: IFRS S1 e IFRS S2<\/h2>\n

Em 2022, a Funda\u00e7\u00e3o IFRS criou o International Sustainability Standards Board<\/em> (ISSB), respons\u00e1vel por desenvolver normas globais para relato de sustentabilidade. Em 2023, foram publicadas duas normas fundamentais:<\/p>\n