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{"id":25904,"date":"2026-08-27T14:40:18","date_gmt":"2026-08-27T17:40:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blbescoladenegocios.com.br\/blog\/?p=25904"},"modified":"2026-08-27T14:40:19","modified_gmt":"2026-08-27T17:40:19","slug":"lei-9430-1996-perdas-recebimento-credito","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dev.blbescoladenegocios.com.br\/blog\/lei-9430-1996-perdas-recebimento-credito\/","title":{"rendered":"Perdas no recebimento de cr\u00e9ditos e sua dedu\u00e7\u00e3o no IRPJ e na CSLL: distin\u00e7\u00f5es e limites da interpreta\u00e7\u00e3o fiscal da Lei n\u00ba 9.430\/1996"},"content":{"rendered":"

A inadimpl\u00eancia \u00e9 um risco natural de quem vende a prazo, empresta ou financia. Quando o cr\u00e9dito concedido n\u00e3o \u00e9 pago, a empresa sofre uma perda econ\u00f4mica real, que reduz seu resultado. A quest\u00e3o tribut\u00e1ria que da\u00ed decorre \u00e9 simples de enunciar, por\u00e9m complexa de resolver: em que momento e sob quais condi\u00e7\u00f5es essa perda pode ser deduzida na apura\u00e7\u00e3o do IRPJ e da CSLL?<\/strong><\/p>\n

A resposta est\u00e1 nos artigos 9\u00ba a 12 da Lei 9430\/1996<\/strong><\/a>, que estruturam a mat\u00e9ria em dois regimes distintos: o da dedu\u00e7\u00e3o antecipada de perdas ainda presumidas, sujeita a requisitos rigorosos, e o da baixa de perdas definitivas, consolidadas pelo decurso do tempo. \u00c9 justamente na fronteira entre esses dois regimes que reside a controv\u00e9rsia mais relevante do tema, alimentada por atos interpretativos da Receita Federal que, a despeito da clareza do texto legal, seguem obrigando os contribuintes a se defenderem em contenciosos de valores expressivos.<\/p>\n

Tendo em mente os pontos levantados acima, este artigo visa examinar a arquitetura legal, demonstrar por que a distin\u00e7\u00e3o entre os dois regimes decorre do pr\u00f3prio sistema, analisar criticamente a posi\u00e7\u00e3o fiscal e apresentar o estado atual da jurisprud\u00eancia administrativa, ilustrado por julgados recentes de grande repercuss\u00e3o, como o caso envolvendo o Ita\u00fa Unibanco, que ganhou destaque nos \u00faltimos dias.<\/p>\n

O regime legal: a arquitetura dos artigos 9\u00ba a 12 da Lei 9430\/1996<\/strong><\/h2>\n

At\u00e9 1996, a legisla\u00e7\u00e3o admitia a provis\u00e3o para cr\u00e9ditos de liquida\u00e7\u00e3o duvidosa, calculada por estimativa sobre a carteira (artigo 43 da Lei 8.981\/1995). A Lei 9430\/1996 revogou essa sistem\u00e1tica (artigo 14) e a substituiu por um regime de dedu\u00e7\u00e3o de perdas individualizadas, cr\u00e9dito a cr\u00e9dito. Nos termos do artigo 9\u00ba, as perdas no recebimento de cr\u00e9ditos decorrentes das atividades da pessoa jur\u00eddica podem ser deduzidas como despesas na determina\u00e7\u00e3o do lucro real \u2014 e, por extens\u00e3o normativa, da base de c\u00e1lculo da CSLL, de acordo com os artigos 71 a 73 da IN RFB 1.700\/2017.<\/p>\n

As hip\u00f3teses de dedu\u00e7\u00e3o variam conforme o valor da opera\u00e7\u00e3o, o tempo de inadimpl\u00eancia e a exist\u00eancia de garantia. Em linhas gerais:<\/p>\n